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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF CHAPTER -2
THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

2.1. The President :

The executive power of the Union formally vests in the President and may be
exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him, in
accordance with the Constitution.

2. 2. The Council of Ministers:

(i) In the exercise of his/her functions, the President is aided and advised by a
Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. In actual practice, the
executive power of the Union resides in the Council of Ministers.

(ii) The Council of Ministers consists of three categories of Ministers, namely:
a. Cabinet Ministers;
b. Ministers of State; and
c. Deputy Ministers.

(iii) The Cabinet, which consists of Cabinet Ministers, is responsible for shaping
the overall policies of the Government in discharging its responsibilities. A
Minister of State with Independent Charge also attends a Cabinet meeting
when subject matter of his/her Department is considered. The Cabinet also
functions through its Committees.

2.3. Allocation/Transaction of Government Business:

Among the Rules issued by the President for the convenient transaction of the
business of the Government, under Article 77(3) of the Constitution, are:

(i) The Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961 (as
amended from time to time); and

(ii) The Government of India (Transaction of Business) Rules, 1961 (as
amended from time to time).

The Allocation and Transaction of Business Rules are available on the
website of Cabinet Secretariat (www.cabsec.nic.in)

(i) The Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961 allocates
the business of the Government among its different departments which
are assigned to the charge of the Ministers by the President on the advice
of the Prime Minister. In relation to the business allotted to a Minister,
these rules also permit the association of another Minister or Deputy
Minister to perform such functions as may be specifically assigned to
him/her.

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