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assistance. Desk functionaries deal with cases independently with
stenographic assistance and submit them to his/her next higher officer in the
hierarchy.

(vii) While the above represents the commonly adopted pattern of organization of
a Department, there are certain variations, the most notable among them
being the Desk Officer system. In this system, the work of a Department at the
lowest level is organized into distinct functional desks each manned by desk
functionaries of appropriate ranks e.g. Under Secretary or Section Officer.
Each desk functionary handles the cases himself/herself and is provided
adequate support staff.

(viii) Designated Sections handling work of (O&M)/WS activities.

a. Based on the recommendations of SIU, Department of Expenditure, the
O&M/IWSU setup has been abolished in the Ministries/Departments. While
Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances provide some
initiatives, incentive, information, advice, etc. the main task of evolving and
implementing reform measures will continue to be responsibility of all
Ministries/Departments who may entrust the job to their appropriate
formation like Administration, Coordination etc. Strengthening of these
divisions for handling the O&M work for necessary
improvements/simplification/streamlining in administration in the
Ministries/Departments concerned will, therefore, be essential. Similar
steps will also be taken in the Attached/Subordinate offices and Public
Sector Undertakings/Autonomous Bodies.

b. For O&M studies, Ministries/Departments will be guided by the Department
of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances. As regards, the work
relating to work measurement studies is concerned, the units will be guided
by the Staff Inspection Unit of the Department of Expenditure.

c. An illustrative list of functions to be performed by designated IWSU/O&M
Units is given in Appendix -2.1.

2.5. Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defence:

Integrated Headquarters of Ministry of Defence comprising Army Headquarters,
Naval Headquarters, Air Headquarters and Defence Staff Headquarters will be
associated in the formulation of policies in relation to matters concerning the
Defence of India and the Armed Forces of the Union. They would be responsible
for providing executive direction required in the implementation of policies laid
down by the Ministry of Defence. They shall exercise delegated administrative
and financial powers. The role and functions the Services Headquarters ‘now’
designated as Integrated Headquarters in all other aspects remain unchanged.

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